For the most part, ISO 15919 follows the IAST scheme, departing from it only in minor ways (e.g., ṃ/ṁ and ṛ/r̥)-see comparison below. By contrast, the ISO 15919 standard for transliterating Indic scripts emerged in 2001 from the standards and library worlds. The IAST scheme represents more than a century of scholarly usage in books and journals on classical Indian studies. IAST is also used for major e-text repositories such as SARIT, Muktabodha, GRETIL, and. Scholars commonly use IAST in publications that cite textual material in Sanskrit, Pāḷi and other classical Indian languages. It is this faithfulness to the original scripts that accounts for its continuing popularity amongst scholars. IAST makes it possible for the reader to read the Indic text unambiguously, exactly as if it were in the original Indic script. It is based on a scheme that emerged during the 19th century from suggestions by Charles Trevelyan, William Jones, Monier Monier-Williams and other scholars, and formalised by the Transliteration Committee of the Geneva Oriental Congress, in September 1894. The International Alphabet of Sanskrit Transliteration ( IAST) is a transliteration scheme that allows the lossless romanisation of Indic scripts as employed by Sanskrit and related Indic languages. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks or boxes, misplaced vowels or missing conjuncts instead of Indic text.
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